The Special Capital Region of Jakarta (in Indonesian known as Daerah Khusus Ibukota (DKI) Jakarta) is Indonesia's largest and most important city. It has a status equal to a province. The city has been established for over 460 years, and in the past 40 years has grown at an explosive rate. After more than four centuries of limited population and spatial growth, Jakarta has expanded rapidly over the past four decades. The growth of Jakarta in this period has resulted in a significant shortfall of infrastructure in terms of public services and has highlighted the urgent need to consider means of coordinating the management of the city's development and growth with the surrounding regions, namely, the kabupatens of Bogor, Tangerang, and Bekasi (fig. 11.1). In 1948 the population of Jakarta was about 2 million, with a builtup area of 20,000 ha, including Kebayoran Baru, a new town in the south. In 1965 the population of Jakarta was about 4 million, with a built-up area of 35,000